The Law on Banking and Financial Institutions promulgated by Royal Kram No. NS/RKM/1199/13 dated 18 November 1999 is to establish a comprehensive legal framework for the institutionalization, regulation, and supervision of banks and financial institutions within the Kingdom. The Law defines the legal status, responsibilities, rights, and obligations of banking and financial institutions operating in Cambodia, and sets out the conditions under which such institutions may be licensed, operate, and be regulated by the National Bank of Cambodia. It aims to strengthen the overall financial system by promoting sound, stable, and efficient banking and financial services, facilitating access to finance for economic development, protecting depositors and the public, and enhancing confidence in the financial sector. By providing clear rules governing banking operations, capital requirements, prudential standards, and supervisory powers, the Law supports Cambodia’s transition to a modern financial system and encourages responsible investment and financial intermediation.